Introduction
Thermoforming plastic, although a relatively new variant of
plastic, has already gained huge popularity because of its low cost of
production and versatility, allowing its application in a variety of
industries. Thermoforming is just one way of transforming plastics into desired
shape and size; there are other methods too such as thermoplastics, vacuum
forming, twin sheet forming and pressure forming, each with its own distinct
set of advantages.
The term comes from the name of the process which is used to
make thermoforming plastic. In this method, plastic sheet is molded into a 3D
shape of a particular design by applying a combination of heat, pressure and
vacuum onto it. This slowly melts the plastic enough to embrace the mold’s
shape and design, but not so much that it will lose its hardness. The final
hardening process hardens the plastic which is the finished product.
Types of Plastic Used
for Thermoforming
Thermoforming is usually done on a variety of plastic,
depending on the end purpose and type of product to be manufactured. Common
plastic variants used are:
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Polyolefin:
It has a glossy appearance and has high strength, generally used as exterior
material. However, it is difficult to work with, especially for highly complex
designs.
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Acrylonitrile
Butadiene Styrene: One of the most common plastic variants used for
thermoforming, it is highly versatile with regular hardness.
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High
Density Polyethylene: HDPE has high strength and great stability along with
high resistant against cold temperatures.
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Plexiglas:
It is the plastic version of glass with its clean, transparent profile. Its
high strength and low brittleness makes it perfect for use as windows and
display glass.
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Polycarbonate:
It is strong, has high durability and can resist normal impacts. Generally used
for exterior coating of items, usually appliances, vehicles and electronics.
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Polyvinyl
Chloride: It offers high resistance against fire, making it perfect for use
as fireproofing material.
Pros of Thermoforming
Plastic
Thermoforming plastic offers various benefits and advantages
such as:
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Cheaper than most other plastic shaping methods
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Plastic can be quickly and efficiently shaped
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Perfect for highly complex designs and detailed
molds
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Good for making large parts in one go
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Plastic sheets can be used for making multiple
products in batches
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Helps in diagnosis and detection of faults in
designs, especially in detailed designs.
